What is modular programming?

A general programming notion is modular programming, which is sometimes known as modular architecture. It entails breaking down a program's functionality into independent units or "building blocks" that individually include all the components required to carry out a specific functionality. The modules come together to form the executable application programme.

Building blocks can even be constructed from smaller building blocks, which is what modularity is all about. Each component may be piled together at the end to make your application because it is independent, sturdy, and testable. By approaching modularity in this manner, you can also include it into your coding practises and system architecture. You can describe what each level of modularity entails and how you address certain issues, such as how each component is defined and situated within files, folders, and libraries.

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Modules and APIs

Through interfaces or APIs, modules can communicate in a highly helpful way. By using an API, you may hide the core of the code and only make the parts of the module that developers need to use it available.

This implies that your API can, in a sense, function as a contract by describing what the module or library does and how outside code may use it. This module has a method that does this and returns this, for instance, according to the API.

With APIs, you can be certain of whether modules' components ought to or ought not to change without prior notice. In this way, other entities can continue utilising the API and trust that nothing will change abruptly out from under them, even when you need to alter or fix items in a library's internal workings. Additionally, it's lot simpler to glance at a module and determine what it can be used for (I'll elaborate on this in a moment).

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Why do modular programming?

By dividing big software programmes into smaller pieces, modular programming aims to make the development and maintenance of such programmes simpler. It offers the following advantages:

Code is easier to read

Because it is divided into functions that each only deal with one component of the overall functionality, modular programming usually makes your code easier to read. Compared to monolithic code, it can make your files much smaller and more understandable. For instance, the majority of our files include no more than a few hundred lines of code, however I've seen some apps with thousands of lines of code per file, which can make it challenging to follow and locate particular sections.

Code is easier to test

The best software for testing is software that has been divided into separate parts. This is due to the fact that tests for small functions can be considerably stricter and more specific than tests for large functions that perform a variety of tasks. This is particularly true if you can only test a function's outputs and not the steps it takes.

Additionally, as tests can serve as examples of how code operates, easier testing might result in less large, in-depth comments being required. It can be simple to obtain a solid understanding of a block of code if you don't understand it by looking at the tests.

Easily find things later

Modularity involves grouping similar types of functions into their own files and libraries, and splitting out related helper functions into their own files (instead of leaving them mixed in with the core logic code).

Reusability without bloat

You'll frequently need to use the same code or function in several different places. Modularity enables you to call code from any module or library, eliminating the need to copy and paste it from many sources. For instance, it's convenient to be able to just add our Katamari and Sugar libraries as dependencies and be able to handle data structures and DOM manipulation in all of our projects the same way. These libraries are utilised in the majority of our other projects.

Single source for faster fixes

Each module serving as a single source of truth for your unique functions reduces the potential for errors and speeds up fixing them when they do occur. By doing this, the likelihood of issues arising from two pieces of code using slightly different implementations of the same functionality is decreased. Additionally, if there is a bug in the code or a single function needs to be changed, you simply need to fix it in one module, and everything that utilises it will be immediately updated. While you may easily forget to update one or two instances if you copied and pasted the code into several locations.

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